Two key factors play a significant role in determining the lifespan of a nuclear power plant: the reactor pressure vessel and the containment structure. The reactor pressure vessel serves as the core of the plant, housing the reactor core and cooling system while maintaining high temperatures and pressure. On the other hand, the containment structure acts as a protective shell surrounding the reactor, ensuring it remains airtight and contains any potential radioactive materials during emergencies.
As regulatory bodies consider applications to extend the operational lifespan of nuclear plants, the focus primarily lies on the condition and longevity of these crucial components. Researchers are actively exploring innovative solutions to address challenges that have jeopardized the operations of some plants in the past, such as corrosion. By developing advanced monitoring techniques and introducing new materials resistant to degradation, nuclear reactors can operate safely and efficiently for an extended period.
Prolonging the lifespan of nuclear power plants is essential in achieving clean energy and climate objectives globally. The International Atomic Energy Agency estimates that extending the operation of the existing nuclear fleet by a decade could contribute significantly to low-carbon electricity production, potentially meeting a year’s worth of global electricity demand. This would not only help reduce emissions but also support the expansion of low-carbon power sources.
Therefore, preserving and extending the operational lifespan of nuclear reactors can play a vital role in transitioning towards a cleaner and more sustainable power grid.
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